pdf online

pdf online


http://www.pdfonline.com/

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for more infos of PDF online see : http://www.pdfonline.com/

pdf adobe reader 8

PDF adobe reader 8 What’s new
Easily view, print, and collaborate on PDF files with this free software
Adobe Reader 8 User Guide (PDF, 6.92MB)

Viewing, navigating, searching
Beyond Adobe Reader window At a glance, see the main features of Reader, and click links to start tasks, get Adobe news, or learn more about features. See “Start in the Beyond Adobe Reader window” on page 8.

Maximized work area View PDFs in a new visual design for the work area, navigation pane, and toolbars. User interface elements have been removed to maximize space. See “View the work area” on page 6.

Customizable toolbars Easily hide or show individual tools by right-clicking/Control-clicking a toolbar, or use the More Tools dialog box to customize all your toolbars. See “Display and arrange toolbars” on page 10.

Search enhancements Find words or use advanced search tools, all from the same integrated toolbar. View search results in a floating, resizable window. Search documents in a PDF package. See “Search features overview” on page 35.
read more Adobe Reader 8 User Guide (PDF, 6.92MB)


pdf adobe reader 8
source : http://www.adobe.com/products/reader/
Adobe® Reader® software is the global standard for electronic document sharing. It is the only PDF viewer that can open and interact with all PDF documents. Use Adobe Reader to view, search, digitally sign, verify, print, and collaborate on Adobe PDF files.

pdf word converter download

Download Word to PDF Converter
Word to PDF Converter is the fast, affordable way to create professional-quality documents in the popular PDF file format. Its easy-to-use interface allows you to create PDF files by simply click the "Save as PDF" button from MS Word, creating documents which can be viewed on any computer with a PDF viewer.


Word to PDF Converter supports Font embedding, resolution, compression and multi-language. And Word to PDF Converter does not need any software such as adobe acrobat. How does it work:

Word to PDF Converter lets you instantly convert Microsoft Word documents into fully-formatted and professional-quality PDF file format. functioning as a plug-in to the applications that you use every day - Microsoft Word 98/2000/XP. Now you can create and convert PDF files in Microsoft Word, without the need for Adobe® Acrobat®!.

Microsoft Word Integration - Word to PDF Converter adds toolbars to Microsoft Word, allowing users true one-click PDF file creation.

Using Word to PDF Converter in Microsoft WordSimply choose File/Open in MicrosoftWord to open a original Word document, then click the "Save as PDF" button in the toolbar to instantly create a PDF file from the Word document.

Word to PDF Converter retains the layout of the original Doc document, and it supports all PDF file settings, such as PDF Compatibility, Auto-Rotate, Resolution, Compress settings of PDF document, Colors settings of PDF document, Fonts settings of PDF document.

System Requirements:

x86-based personal computer
Microsoft Windows 95/98/NT/2000/ME/XP
Microsft Word 98/2000/XP /2003
No less than 32MB application RAM
30 MB hard disk space
screen resolution must be no less than 640x480 pixels
This product is licensed as a single product for a single system
Size: 3.0 MB

Download now

pdf word converter download
source : http://webusabilityhelp.blogspot.com/2007/10/download-word-to-pdf-converter.html

pdf documents convert

pdf documents convert


Convert documents to PDF
Easily create Adobe PDF documents that preserve the formatting and integrity of the original file

PDF was invented by Adobe in 1990 and has steadily grown into the de facto standard for trusted electronic documents and forms. In the course of normal business, you probably encounter PDF documents on a daily basis — for example, whenever you need to share critical information with colleagues or clients, but you don't want to share the native file. Or whenever you need to protect a file so that others cannot change it.

With Adobe® Acrobat® 8 Professional software, you can easily convert and optimize documents, spreadsheets, e-mails, websites, technical drawings, and 3D designs into more secure Adobe PDF files.

See it in action

Key benefits

Reliably create an Adobe PDF file from any application that prints.
Create PDF files with one-button ease from Microsoft Office and many other popular applications.
Easily distribute PDF files through e-mail to provide information in minutes rather than days or hours.
Share documents with others regardless of the operating system and applications they have installed on their computer.
Archive information in PDF/A, a format that provides the ability to open and view files for years to come.
Make PDF documents more accessible by adding tags to control reading order and improve navigation. Use the ISO standard PDF/A format for archiving.
Incorporate accessibility tags to achieve section 508 compliance.-->

Sample uses
Protected content in shared designs
E-mail archives for quick search and retrieval
Web page capture
Digital archives
High-quality, professional printing

Learn more
Combine and share documents
Create an electronic form
Streamline document reviews
Protect sensitive information
Edit PDF documents
Save as Microsoft Word

pdf mail pro

PDFmail Pro is a vital complete PDF conversion solution for your office technology suite, available in single station or network versions.

PDFmail Pro, secure document transmission
PDFmail Pro can lock your documents with a password.
Documents can be locked on two levels:
1) You can lock the following functions:
· Printing
· Document modification
· Addition of notes
· Copying of text from a document
The person sending the document can choose one or all of these options. He/she can thus decide that the recipient can only print the document and not modify it.
2) Password required upon opening of the document to guarantee total confidentiality.Only the recipient, who knows the password, can read the document.

PDFmail Pro, advanced functionalities
Automatic detection of hypertext links and email addresses in all documents (PDFmail exclusive)
Management of Word tables of contents
PDFmail icon in the Office work tool
Office Macro compatible with advanced security
Exceptional conversion time: 8 to 35 times faster than its competitors (30 seconds for a 160 page Word document with 500 bookmarks)
Excel Macro for conversion of selected sheets with creation of PDF bookmarks
Concatenation module: you can convert documents from diverse applications (Word, Excel) into a single PDF file.
Automatic addressing: you can automatically search for email addresses contained in the original document to automate transmission of PDF documents to those recipients.

“Click & Convert”
With the “Click & Convert” module, transmission of all your documents and report printouts becomes child’s play: you can convert any document to PDF format with a single mouse click (right-click). Simply choose a document using Windows Explorer. The PDF file obtained has the same name as the source file and is located in the same place.

PDFmail Pro, as simple as printing
Simply select the virtual PDFmail printer using your software, and the conversion to PDF and the link to your messaging system software are performed automatically by PDFmail. You then just need to enter the contact’s email address.

High-quality PDF files
PDFmail Pro converts your documents into real PDF files, and not into PDF-encapsulated images.

An ideal tool for sending your attachments
PDFmail Pro offers a direct link to the messaging system. The converted document can then be directly attached to an email, ready for sending.
PDFmail Pro compresses the original document during conversion, giving smaller attachments that are easier to send by email.
PDF format is an ideal format for attached documents as they cannot be modified and do not carry viruses.
PDFmail Pro interfaces with all messaging system software packages on the market. You thus conserve all available functionalities: address books, mail forwarding, contact management, groupware, etc.

Easy network deployment
PDFmail Pro includes a Windows MSI Installer installation package used for client deployment from an Active Directory group strategy (GPO).

Technical features
Single station or network version
Supported systems:
-Client: from Windows 95
-Server: Windows NT, 2000, XP, 2003
Languages available
English, French, German, Spanish, Italian

pdf mail pro
source : http://www.fotowin.com/gb/pdfmail_pro.asp

adobe flex google

Google Moves Toward Adobe Flex
The SearchMash Web site has a new look

adobe flex
This Web site is operated by Google. Just enter the word(s) and the search begins. Let’s do it together. Type Leonard Cohen and press Enter. It’ll bring you to a page with the relevant links to this great Canadian song writer and singer.

Click on the tab Video, and you’ll see a number of Cohen’s videos without any Web page refreshes. Move the mouse over these thumbnail images, read the tooltips and find the song “Dance me to the end of love.” Click on it, and you’ll see a YouTube player on the right (no page refreshes). Put on your head phones and enjoy. If you haven’t heard his music yet I envy you, cause I already did.

So why this new Google Web site important? You may not know, but for many years Google was a three-language company: Java, C++ and Python. The fact that they are starting to use Flex is important not because it’s more proof that Flex is a solid technology for RIA, yada, yada, yada. What’s really important is that this can serve as a signal to a myriad of small software vendors that will now be inspired to work on what will possibly become the next killer application in Flex and maybe, just maybe, will get these small vendors on Google’s radar.



About Yakov FainYakov Fain is a managing principal of Farata Systems, consulting, training and product company. He's authored several Java books, dozens of technical articles. SYS-CON Books has released his latest book, "Rich Internet Applications with Adobe Flex and Java: Secrets of the Masters" in Spring of 2007. Sun Microsystems has nominated and awarded Yakov with the title Java Champion. He leads the Princeton Java Users Group. Yakov teaches Java and Flex 2 part time at New York University. He is an Adobe Certified Flex Instructor

adobe flex google
source : http://googledeveloper.sys-con.com/read/450703.htm

pdf adobe acrobat 8 professionals

Adobe Acrobat 8 Professional

Communicate and collaborate with the essential PDF solution

Adobe® Acrobat® 8 Professional software enables business professionals to reliably create, combine, and control Adobe PDF documents for easy, more secure distribution, collaboration, and data collection.

NEW! Now works with Microsoft® Windows Vista® and Office 2007. Download the update Mac Win


Why Acrobat Professional
Reliably share professional documents
Prepare polished PDF files so that virtually anyone, anywhere can view them exactly as you intended.

Streamline forms and document reviews
Easily gather information and comments from colleagues, extended teams, and customers.

Protect documents to reduce risk
Control documents to help secure information from unintended access and use.

Acrobat solutions
What do you want to do?
Combine and share documents
Create an electronic form
Streamline document reviews
Protect sensitive information
Convert documents to PDF
Edit PDF documents
Save as Microsoft Word

By profession
Creative
Engineering
Finance
IT
Legal
Marketing

By industry
AEC
Education
Government
Manufacturing

Looking for a lighter version of Acrobat?

Adobe Acrobat Standard
Reliably create, combine, and control PDF documents.

New features in Acrobat 8 Professional

Combine multiple files into a PDF package
Combine multiple files into a searchable, sortable PDF package that maintains the individual security settings and digital signatures of each included PDF document.

Auto-recognize form fields
Automatically locate form fields in static PDF documents and convert them to interactive fields that can be filled electronically by anyone using free Adobe Reader® software*. (Windows only)

Manage shared reviews
Easily conduct shared reviews — without IT assistance — that allow review participants to see one another's comments and track the status of the review.

Enable advanced features in Adobe Reader
Enable anyone using Adobe Reader* to participate in document reviews, fill and save electronic forms offline**, and digitally sign documents.

Permanently remove sensitive information
Permanently remove metadata, hidden layers, and other concealed information, and use redaction tools to permanently delete sensitive text, illustrations, or other content.

Archive Microsoft Outlook e-mail in PDF
Configure Acrobat 8 Professional to automatically archive e-mail in Microsoft Outlook for easy search and retrieval. (Windows only)

Archive Lotus Notes e-mail
Convert e-mail in Lotus Notes to Adobe PDF to facilitate searching, archiving, and retrieval. (Windows only)

Save in Microsoft Word
Take advantage of improved functionality for saving Adobe PDF files as Microsoft Word documents, retaining the layout, fonts, formatting, and tables.

Enjoy improved performance and support for AutoCAD
More rapidly convert AutoCAD® drawing files into compact, accurate PDF documents, without the need for the native desktop application.

Take advantage of a new, intuitive user interface
Complete tasks more quickly with a streamlined user interface, new customizable toolbars, and a "Getting Started" page to visually direct you to commonly used features.

pdf adobe acrobat 8 professionals

pdf news pdf spam

PDF Spam Back With a Vengeance

Because of the malware now hidden in the attachment, this round of PDF spam is significantly more malicious than the flood that hit in August.
Cara Garretson, Network World

PDF spam, the summertime nuisance that flooded inboxes in early August and then quickly disappeared, is back and worse than ever.

According to multiple threat researchers at security vendors, tens of thousands of spam messages were blasted out last week with attached PDF files, which infect the recipients' PCs when viewed. The subject lines of the new crop of PDF spam are finance-related, according to security vendors, using phrases designed to get the recipient's attention such as "your credit report." These e-mails contain no text, simply the attachment.

"When opened, the PDF file uses the CVE-2007-5020 vulnerability via Acrobat Reader and [Internet Explorer 7.0] and downloads further malware from a server in Malaysia," according to security vendor F-Secure's recent blog post. "The target of the malware seems to be to create a botnet of infected machines to be used for further malicious activity."

This summer's PDF spam raised eyebrows because of the sheer volume of the messages and the creative thinking on the part of spammers who figured out these messages could circumvent most antispam filters because they're not trained to read PDF attachments.

Because of the malware now hidden in the attachment, this round of PDF spam is significantly more malicious than August's blasts that were typically pump-and-dump stock messages.

The PDFs attached to those messages hid no malware, but attempted to persuade recipients to buy penny stocks in a little-known company so the stock price would be driven up and the spammer could sell at a profit.

While PDF spam disappeared by September as quickly as it arrived -- it went from 30% of all spam sent on Aug. 7 to less than 1% on Aug. 29 -- few security professionals are expressing surprise at its return.

Spammers will "exploit any vulnerabilities they can, which in Windows is about a quadrillion different places," says John Levine [stet], president of consulting firm Taughannock Networks and co-chair of the Internet Engineering Task Force's Anti-Spam Research Group, adding that he believes this PDF spam blast to be the latest incarnation of the Storm malware. "Using Acrobat has the added advantage that it works regardless of what mail program you use, so even people who use Eudora or Thunderbird could get bitten."

Adobe on Oct. 22 released a security update for versions 8.1 and earlier of Adobe Reader and Acrobat

pdf news pdf spam
source : http://www.pcworld.com/article/id,139191-c,spam/article.html

pdf portable document format

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Portable Document Format (PDF)

"PDF" redirects here. For other uses, see PDF (disambiguation).

The Portable Document Format (PDF) is the file format created by Adobe Systems in 1993 for document exchange. PDF is used for representing two-dimensional documents in a device-independent and display resolution-independent fixed-layout document format. Each PDF file encapsulates a complete description of a 2-D document (and, with Acrobat 3-D, embedded 3-D documents) that includes the text, fonts, images, and 2-D vector graphics that compose the document.

PDF is an open standard, and is now being prepared for submission as an ISO standard

History
When the PDF first came out in the early 1990s, its general adoption was slow. At that time, the PDF-creation tools (Acrobat) and the viewing and printing software had to be bought. Early versions of PDF had no support for external hyperlinks, reducing its usefulness on the World Wide Web; the additional size of the PDF document compared to plain text meant significantly longer download times over the slower modems common at the time, and rendering the files was slow on less powerful machines. Additionally, there were competing formats such as Envoy, Common Ground Digital Paper and even Adobe's own PostScript format (.ps); in those early years, the PDF file was mainly popular in desktop publishing workflow.

Adobe soon started distribution at no cost of the Acrobat Reader (now Adobe Reader) program, and continued supporting the original PDF, which eventually became the de facto standard for printable documents.

The PDF file format has changed several times, as new versions of Adobe Acrobat have been released. There have been eight versions of PDF: 1.0 (1993), 1.1 (1994), 1.2 (1996), 1.3 (1999), 1.4 (2001), 1.5 (2003), 1.6 (2005), and 1.7 (2006), corresponding to Acrobat releases 1.0 to 8.0.

See also History of PDF Openness

Technical Foundations
Anyone may create applications that read and write PDF files without having to pay royalties to Adobe Systems; Adobe holds patents to PDF, but licenses them for royalty-free use in developing software complying with its PDF specification.

The PDF combines three technologies:


A sub-set of the PostScript page description programming language, for generating the layout and graphics.
A font-embedding/replacement system to allow fonts to travel with the documents.
A structured storage system to bundle these elements and any associated content into a single file, with data compression where appropriate.

PostScript
PostScript is a page description language run in an interpreter to generate an image, a process requiring many resources. PDF is a file format, not a programming language, i.e. flow control commands such as if and loop are removed, while graphics commands such as lineto remain.

Often, the PostScript-like PDF code is generated from a source PostScript file. The graphics commands that are output by the PostScript code are collected and tokenized; any files, graphics, or fonts to which the document refers also are collected; then, everything is compressed to a single file. Therefore, the entire PostScript world (fonts, layout, measurements) remains intact.

As a document format, PDF has several advantages over PostScript:

PDF contains already tokenized and interpreted results of the PostScript source code, for direct correspondence between changes to items in the PDF page description and changes to the resulting page appearance.

PDF (from version 1.4) supports true graphic transparency, PostScript does not.
PostScript is an imperative programming language (with an implicit global state), so instructions accompanying the description of one page can affect the appearance of any following page. Therefore, all preceding pages must be processed in order to determine the correct appearance of a given page; each page in a PDF document is unaffected by the others.

Technical Overview
File Structure

A PDF file consists primarily of objects, of which there are eight types:[4]
Boolean values, representing true or false
Numbers
Strings
Names
Arrays, ordered collections of objects
Dictionaries, collections of objects indexed by Names
Streams, usually containg large amounts of data.
The null object

Objects may be either direct (embedded in another object) or indirect. Indirect objects are numbered with an object number and a generation number. An index table called the xref table gives the byte offset of each indirect object from the start of the file.[5] This design allows for efficient random access to the objects in the file, and also allows for small changes to be made without rewriting the entire file (incremental update).

Beginning with PDF version 1.5, indirect objects may also be located in special streams known as object streams. This technique reduces the size of files that have large numbers of small indirect objects and is especially useful for Tagged PDF.

Imaging Model
The basic design of how graphics are represented in PDF is very similar to that of PostScript, except for the use of transparency, which was added in PDF 1.4.
PDF graphics use a device independent Cartesian coordinate system to describe the surface of a page. A PDF page description can use a matrix to scale, rotate, or skew graphical elements. A key concept in PDF is that of the graphics state, which is a collection of graphical parameters that may be changed, saved, and restored by a page description. PDF has (as of version 1.6) 24 graphics state properties, of which some of the most important are:

The current transformation matrix (CTM) which determines the coordinate system
The clipping path
The color space
The alpha constant which is a key component of transparency

Vector Graphics
Vector graphics in PDF, as in PostScript, are constructed with paths. Paths are usually made from of lines and cubic Bezier curves, but can also be constructed from the outlines of text. Unlike PostScript, PDF does not allow a single path to mix text outlines with lines and curves. Paths can be stroked, filled, or used for clipping. Strokes and fills can use any color set in the graphics state, including patterns.

PDF supports several types of patterns. The simplest is the tiling pattern in which a piece of artwork is specified to be drawn repeatedly. This may a colored tiling pattern, with the colors specified in the pattern object, or an uncolored tiling pattern, which defers color specification to the time the pattern is drawn. Beginning with PDF 1.4 there is also a shading pattern which draws continuously varying colors. There are seven types of shading pattern of which the simplest are the radial shade (Type 2) and axial shade (Type 3).


Raster Images
Raster images in PDF (called Image XObjects) are represented by dictionaries with an associated stream. The dictionary described properties of the image, and the stream contains the image data. (Less commonly, a raster image may be embedded directly in a page description as an inline image.) Images are typically filtered for compression purposes. Image filters supported in PDF include the general purpose filters


ASCII85Decode a deprecated filter used to put the stream into 7-bit ASCII
ASCIIHexDecode similar to ASCII85Decode but less compact
FlateDecode a commonly used filter based on the DEFLATE or Zip algorithm
LZWDecode a deprecated filter based on LZW Compression
RunLengthDecode a simple compression method for streams with repetitive data using the Run-length encoding algorithm
and the image-specific filters

Normally all image content in a PDF is embedded in the file. But PDF allows image data to be stored in external files by the use of external streams or Alternate Images. Standardized subsets of PDF, including PDF/A and PDF/X, prohibit these techniques.

Text
Text in PDF is represented by text elements in page content streams. A text element specifies that characters in should be drawn at certain positions. The characters are specified using the encoding of a selected font resource.

Fonts
A font object in PDF is a description of a digital typeface. It may either describe the characteristics of a typeface, or it may include an embedded font file. The latter case is called an embedded font while the former is called an unembedded font. The font files that may be embedded are based on widely used standard digital font formats: Type 1 (and its compressed variant CFF), TrueType, and (beginning with PDF 1.6) OpenType. Additionally PDF supports the Type 3 variant in which the components of the font are described by PDF graphic operators.

Encodings
Within text strings characters are shown using character codes (integers) that map to glyphs in the current font using an encoding. There are a number of built-in encodings, including WinAnsi, MacRoman, and a large number of encodings for East Asian languages. (Although the WinAnsi and MacRoman encodings are derived from the historical properties of the Windows and Macintosh operating systems, fonts using these encodings work equally well on any platform.) The encoding mechanisms in PDF were designed for Type 1 fonts, and the rules for applying them to TrueType fonts are complex.
For large fonts or fonts with non-standard glyphs, the special encodings Identity-H (for horizontal writing) and Identity-V (for vertical) are used. With such fonts it is necessary to provide a ToUnicode table if semantic information about the characters is to be preserved.

Transparency
The original imaging model of PDF was, like PostScript's, opaque: each object drawn on the page completely replaced anything previously marked in the same location. In PDF 1.4 the imaging model was extended to allow transparency. When transparency is used, new objects interact with previously marked objects to produce blending effects. The addition of transparency to PDF was done by means of new extensions that were designed to be ignored in products written to the PDF 1.3 and earlier specifications. As a result, files that use a small amount of transparency might view acceptably in older viewers, but files making extensive use of transparency could view completely wrong in an older viewer without warning.
The transparency extensions are based on the key concepts of transparency groups, blending modes, shape, and alpha. The model is closely aligned with the features of Adobe Illustrator version 9. The blend modes were based on those used by Adobe Photoshop at the time. When the PDF 1.4 specification was published the formulas for calculating blend modes were kept secret by Adobe. They have since been published.[6]

Technical Issues

source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Document_Format

pdf adobe acrobat history

Wisdom of the PDF Sage
Leonard Rosenthol’s thoughts on all things PDF




History of PDF Openness

I thought I would put together a bit of a timeline that covers the history of PDF as an open/published standard, both from Adobe as well as from ISO. After I put that together, I thought it would be interesting to include dates for key open source and other independent implementations of PDF, so I’ve added those as well.

















Leonard Rosenthol is the Technical Standards Evangelist for Adobe Systems that focuses on PDF Standards. In this role, he serves as technical expert for the U.S. delegation to ISO TC171 and TC130

PDF Timeline

1993
June: Adobe publishes the original PDF Reference (as a printed book by Addison Wesley) following the release of Acrobat 1.0

1994
October: Ghostscript 3.20 (beta) “contains some support for a PDF interpreter”
November: Adobe publishes PDF Reference 1.1

1995
January: Ghostscript 3.23 (beta) is the first release to include “a largely working PDF reader”
June: CGATS hosts the first meeting to discuss the use of PDF for prepress exchange, what will become PDF/X.
December: First public release of Xpdf

1996
November: Adobe publishes PDF Reference 1.2

1997
September: First public release of PDFlib

1998
December: First public release of iText

1999
April: Adobe publishes PDF Reference 1.3
November: PDF/X-1 becomes an ANSI standard

2000
March: First meeting of ISO TC130 for PDF/X
September: Submission of PDF/X-3 to ISO
September: Apple releases Mac OS X Public Beta

2001
April: Adobe publishes PDF Reference 1.4
April: ISO 15930-1 (PDF/X-1a) is adopted

2002
September: ISO 15930-3 (PDF/X-3) is adopted
October: AIIM hosts the first meeting to discuss the use of PDF for long term archival storage, what will become PDF/A.

2003
May: Adobe publishes PDF Reference 1.5
October: First meeting of ISO TC171 for PDF/A

2004
March: AIIM hosts the first meeting to discuss the use of PDF for use in engineering workflows, what will become PDF/E
December: Adobe publishes PDF Reference 1.6

2005
January: First meeting of AIIM working group for PDF/UA (Universal Accessibility)
June: First ISO meeting for PDF/E
October: ISO 19005-1 (PDF/A) is adopted

2006
October: Adobe publishes PDF Reference 1.7

2007
January: Adobe announces their intent to submit PDF 1.7 to ISO

Other PDF History Links
Adobe’s PDF History site (which has a neat graphic timeline on it)
Interesting 3rd party view of PDF/Acrobat history


pdf adobe acrobat history
source : http://www.acrobatusers.com/blogs/leonardr/history-of-pdf-openness/

pdf text

This chapter describes the special facilities in PDF for dealing with text— specifically, for representing characters with glyphs from fonts. A glyph is a graphical shape and is subject to all graphical manipulations, such as coordinate transformation. Because of the importance of text in most page descriptions, PDF provides higher-level facilities that permit an application to describe, select, and render glyphs conveniently and efficiently.

The first section is a general description of how glyphs from fonts are painted on the page. Subsequent sections cover the following topics in detail:

•Text state. A subset of the graphics state parameters pertain to text, including parameters that select the font, scale the glyphs to an appropriate size, and accomplish other graphical effects.

•Text objects and operators. The text operators specify the glyphs to be painted, represented by string objects whose values are interpreted as sequences of character codes. A text object encloses a sequence of text operators and associated parameters.

•Font data structures. Font dictionaries and associated data structures provide information that a consumer application needs to interpret the text and position the glyphs properly. The definitions of the glyphs themselves are contained in font programs, which may be embedded in the PDF file, built into the application, or obtained from an external font file.

full pdf text
PDF Reference, Sixth Edition, version 1.7 (PDF, 31.0M)

pdf graphics

The graphics operators used in PDF content streams describe the appearance of pages that are to be reproduced on a raster output device. The facilities described in this chapter are intended for both printer and display applications.

The pdf graphics operators form six main groups:

•PDF Graphics state operators manipulate the data structure called the graphics state, the global framework within which the other graphics operators execute. The graphics state includes the current transformation matrix (CTM), which maps user space coordinates used within a PDF content stream into output device coordinates. It also includes the current color, the current clipping path, and many other parameters that are implicit operands of the painting operators.

•Path construction operators specify paths, which define shapes, line trajectories, and regions of various sorts. They include operators for beginning a new path, adding line segments and curves to it, and closing it.

•Path-painting operators fill a path with a color, paint a stroke along it, or use it as a clipping boundary.

•Other painting operators paint certain self-describing graphics objects. These include sampled images, geometrically defined shadings, and entire content streams that in turn contain sequences of graphics operators.

•Text operators select and show character glyphs from fonts (descriptions of typefaces for representing text characters). Because PDF treats glyphs as general graphical shapes, many of the text operators could be grouped with the graphics state or painting operators. However, the data structures and mechanisms for dealing with glyph and font descriptions are sufficiently specialized that Chapter 5 focuses on them.

•Marked-content operators associate higher-level logical information with objects in the content stream. This information does not affect the rendered appearance of the content (although it may determine if the content should be presented at all; see Section 4.10, "Optional Content"); it is useful to applications that use PDF for document interchange. Marked content is described in Section 10.5, "Marked Content."

This chapter presents general information about device-independent graphics in PDF: how a PDF content stream describes the abstract appearance of a page. Rendering—the device-dependent part of graphics—is covered in Chapter 6. The Bibliography lists a number of books that give details of these computer graphics concepts and their implementation.


full pdf graphics
PDF Reference, Sixth Edition, version 1.7 (PDF, 31.0M)

pdf syntax

This chapter covers everything about the syntax of PDF at the object, file, and document level. It sets the stage for subsequent chapters, which describe how the contents of a PDF file are interpreted as page descriptions, interactive navigational aids, and application-level logical structure.

PDF syntax is best understood by thinking of it in four parts, as shown in Figure 3.1:

•Objects. A PDF document is a data structure composed from a small set of basic types of data objects. Section 3.1, "Lexical Conventions," describes the character set used to write objects and other syntactic elements. Section 3.2, "Objects," describes the syntax and essential properties of the objects. Section 3.2.7, "Stream Objects," provides complete details of the most complex data type, the stream object.

•File structure. The PDF file structure determines how objects are stored in a PDF file, how they are accessed, and how they are updated. This structure is independent of the semantics of the objects. Section 3.4, "File Structure," describes the file structure. Section 3.5, "Encryption," describes a file-level mechanism for protecting a document’s contents from unauthorized access.

•Document structure. The PDF document structure specifies how the basic object types are used to represent components of a PDF document: pages, fonts, annotations, and so forth. Section 3.6, "Document Structure," describes the overall document structure; later chapters address the detailed semantics of the components.

•Content streams. A PDF content stream contains a sequence of instructions describing the appearance of a page or other graphical entity. These instructions, while also represented as objects, are conceptually distinct from the objects that represent the document structure and are described separately. Section 3.7, "Content Streams and Resources," discusses PDF content streams and their associated resources.

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pdf overview

PDF is a file format for representing documents in a manner independent of the application software, hardware, and operating system used to create them and of the output device on which they are to be displayed or printed. A PDF documentconsists of a collection of objects that together describe the appearance of one or more pages, possibly accompanied by additional interactive elements and higher-level application data. A PDF file contains the objects making up a PDF document along with associated structural information, all represented as a single self-contained sequence of bytes.


A document’s pages (and other visual elements) can contain any combination of text, graphics, and images. A page’s appearance is described by a PDF content stream, which contains a sequence of graphics objects to be painted on the page. This appearance is fully specified; all layout and formatting decisions have already been made by the application generating the content stream.



In addition to describing the static appearance of pages, a PDF document can contain interactive elements that are possible only in an electronic representation. PDF supports annotations of many kinds for such things as text notes, hypertext links, markup, file attachments, sounds, and movies. A document can define its own user interface; keyboard and mouse input can trigger actions that are specified by PDF objects. The document can contain interactive form fields to be filled in by the user, and can export the values of these fields to or import them from other applications.


Finally, a PDF document can contain higher-level information that is useful for interchange of content among applications. In addition to specifying appearance, a document’s content can include identification and logical structure information that allows it to be searched, edited, or extracted for reuse elsewhere. PDF is particularly well suited for representing a document as it moves through successive stages of a prepress production workflow.

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pdf introduction

The Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF) is the native file format of the Adobe® Acrobat® family of products. The goal of these products is to enable users to exchange and view electronic documents easily and reliably, independently of the environment in which they were created. PDF relies on the same imaging model as the PostScript® page description language to describe text and graphics in a device-independent and resolution-independent manner. To improve performance
for interactive viewing, PDF defines a more structured format than that used by most PostScript language programs. PDF also includes objects, such as annotations and hypertext links, that are not part of the page itself but are useful for interactive viewing and document interchange.



1.1About This Book

This book provides a description of the PDF file format and is intended primarily for developers of PDF producer applications that create PDF files directly. It also contains enough information to allow developers to write PDF consumer applications that read existing PDF files and interpret or modify their contents.


Although the PDF Reference is independent of any particular software implementation, some PDF features are best explained by describing the way they are processed by a typical application program. In such cases, this book uses the Acrobat family of PDF viewer applications as its model. (The prototypical viewer is the fully capable Acrobat product, not the limited Adobe Reader® product.) Appendix C discusses some implementation limits in the Acrobat viewer applications, even though these limits are not part of the file format itself. Appendix H provides compatibility and implementation notes that describe how Acrobat viewers behave when they encounter newer features they do not understand and specify areas in which the Acrobat products diverge from the specification presented in this book. Implementors of PDF producer and consumer applications can use this information as guidance.

This edition of the PDF Reference describes version 1.7 of PDF. (See implementation note 1 in Appendix H.) Throughout the book, information specific to particular versions of PDF is marked with indicators such as (PDF 1.3) or (PDF 1.4). Features so marked may be new or substantially redefined in that version. Features designated (PDF 1.0) have generally been superseded in later versions; unless otherwise stated, features identified as specific to other versions are understood to be available in later versions as well. (PDF consumer applications designed for a specific PDF version generally ignore newer features they do not recognize; implementation notes in Appendix H point out exceptions.)

Note: In this edition, the term consumer is generally used to refer to PDF processing applications; viewer is reserved for applications that implement features that interact with users. This distinction is not always clear, however, since non-interactive applications may process objects in PDF documents (such as annotations) that represent interactive features.

The rest of the book is organized as follows:

•Chapter 2, "Overview," briefly introduces the overall architecture of PDF and the design considerations behind it, compares it with the PostScript language, and describes the underlying imaging model that they share.

•Chapter 3, "Syntax," presents the syntax of PDF at the object, file, and document level. It sets the stage for subsequent chapters, which describe how that information is interpreted as page descriptions, interactive navigational aids, and application-level logical structure.

•Chapter 4, "Graphics," describes the graphics operators used to describe the appearance of pages in a PDF document.

•Chapter 5, "Text," discusses PDF’s special facilities for presenting text in the form of character shapes, or glyphs, defined by fonts.

•Chapter 6, "Rendering," considers how device-independent content descriptions are matched to the characteristics of a particular output device.

•Chapter 7, "Transparency," discusses the operation of the transparent imaging model, introduced in PDF 1.4, in which objects can be painted with varying degrees of opacity, allowing the previous contents of the page to show through.

•Chapter 8, "Interactive Features," describes those features of PDF that allow a user to interact with a document on the screen by using the mouse and keyboard.

•Chapter 9, "Multimedia Features," describes those features of PDF that support embedding and playing multimedia content, including video, music and 3D artwork.

•Chapter 10, "Document Interchange," shows how PDF documents can incorporate higher-level information that is useful for the interchange of documents among applications.

•Appendix A, "Operator Summary," lists all the operators used in describing the visual content of a PDF document.

•Appendix B, "Operators in Type 4 Functions," summarizes the PostScript operators that can be used in PostScript calculator functions, which contain code written in a small subset of the PostScript language.

•Appendix C, "Implementation Limits," describes typical size and quantity limits imposed by the Acrobat viewer applications.

•Appendix D, "Character Sets and Encodings," lists the character sets and encodings that are assumed to be predefined in any PDF consumer application.

•Appendix E, "PDF Name Registry," discusses a registry, maintained for developers by Adobe Systems, that contains private names and formats used by PDF producers or Acrobat plug-in extensions.

•Appendix F, "Linearized PDF," describes a special form of PDF file organization designed to work efficiently in network environments.

•Appendix G, "Example PDF Files," presents several examples showing the structure of actual PDF files, ranging from one containing a minimal one-page document to one showing how the structure of a PDF file evolves over the course of several revisions.

•Appendix H, "Compatibility and Implementation Notes," provides details on the behavior of Acrobat viewer applications and describes how consumer applications should handle PDF files containing features that they do not recognize.

•Appendix I, "Computation of Object Digests," describes in detail an algorithm for calculating an object digest (discussed in Section 8.7, "Digital Signatures").

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pdf origins

The origins of the PDF (Portable Document Format) and the Adobe® Acrobat® product family date to early 1990. At that time, the PostScript® page description language was rapidly becoming the worldwide standard for the production of the printed page. PDF builds on the PostScript page description language by layering a document structure and interactive navigation features on PostScript’s underlying imaging model, providing a convenient, efficient mechanism enabling documents to be reliably viewed and printed anywhere.


The PDF specification was first published at the same time the first Acrobat products were introduced in 1993. Since then, updated versions of the specification have been and continue to be available from Adobe on the World Wide Web. It includes the precise documentation of the underlying imaging model from PostScript along with the PDF-specific features that are combined in version 1.7 of the PDF standard.


Over the past eleven years, aided by the explosive growth of the Internet, PDF has become the de facto standard for the electronic exchange of documents. Well over 500 million copies of the free Adobe Reader® software have been distributed around the world, facilitating efficient sharing of digital content. In addition, PDF is now the industry standard for the intermediate representation of printed material in electronic prepress systems for conventional printing applications. As major corporations, government agencies, and educational institutions streamline their operations by replacing paper-based workflow with electronic exchange of information, the impact and opportunity for the application of PDF will continue to grow at a rapid pace.


PDF is the file format that underlies the Adobe® Intelligent Document Platform, facilitating the process of creating, managing, securing, collecting, and exchanging digital content on diverse platforms and devices. The Intelligent Document
Platform fulfills a set of requirements related to business process needs for the global desktop user, including:



•Preservation of document fidelity across the enterprise, independently of the device, platform, and software
•Merging of content from diverse sources—Web sites, word processing and spreadsheet programs, scanned documents, photos, and graphics—into one self-contained document while maintaining the integrity of all original source documents
•Real-time collaborative editing of documents from multiple locations or platforms
•Digital signatures to certify authenticity
•Security and permissions to allow the creator to retain control of the document and associated rights
•Accessibility of content to those with disabilities
•Extraction and reuse of content using other file formats and applications
•Electronic forms to gather data and integrate it with business systems.

The emergence of PDF as a standard for electronic information exchange is the result of concerted effort by many individuals in both the private and public sectors. Without the dedication of Adobe employees, our industry partners, and our customers, the widespread acceptance of PDF could not have been achieved. We thank all of you for your continuing support and creative contributions to the success of PDF.

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pdf adobe creator

Adobe Reader PDF







What is PDF?
Adobe Portable Document Format PDF
Invented by Adobe Systems and perfected over 15 years, Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF) lets you capture and view robust information—from any application, on any computer system—and share it with anyone around the world. Individuals, businesses, and government agencies everywhere trust and rely on Adobe® PDF to communicate their ideas and vision.

Liberating information and the flow of ideas

Open format—De facto standard for more secure, dependable electronic information exchange—recognized by industries and governments around the world. Compliant with industry standards including PDF/A, PDF/X, and PDF/E.

As of January, 2007, Adobe is working with an ISO Technical Committee to submit PDF 1.7 to ISO for approval as a formal, open standard, named ISO 32000. ISO 32000 will be maintained and further developed by this technical committee with the objective of protecting the integrity and longevity of PDF. This will provide a formal, open standard for the billion+ PDF files in existence today.

Multiplatform — Viewable and printable on any platform — Macintosh, Microsoft® Windows®, UNIX®, and many mobile platforms.

Extensible — More than 1,800 vendors worldwide offer PDF-based solutions including creation, plug-in, consulting, training, and support tools.

Trusted and reliable — More than 200 million PDF documents on the web today serve as evidence of the number of organizations that rely on Adobe PDF to capture information.

Maintain information integrity — Adobe PDF files look exactly like original documents and preserve source file information — text, drawings, 3D, full-color graphics, photos, and even business logic — regardless of the application used to create them.

Keep information secure — Digitally sign or password-protect Adobe PDF documents created with Adobe Acrobat® 8 or Adobe LiveCycle™ software.

Searchable — Leverage full-text search features to locate words, bookmarks, and data fields in documents.

Accessible — Adobe PDF documents work with assistive technology to help make information accessible to people with disabilities.
















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